Got diabetes with tingling, numbness, or burning in your feet? This quick-read guide answers the most common questions about diabetic neuropathy — short, sharp, and helpful.
Common Questions About Diabetic Neuropathy
Q: What is diabetic neuropathy?
A: Nerve damage caused by chronically high blood sugar levels in people with diabetes. It most often affects the feet and legs.
Q: What causes diabetic neuropathy?
A: High glucose damages small blood vessels that supply nerves, reducing oxygen and nutrients and leading to nerve injury.
Q: What are the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy in the feet?
A: Numbness, tingling, burning or stabbing pain, increased sensitivity to touch, muscle weakness, and sometimes balance problems.
Q: Can diabetic neuropathy affect other parts of the body?
A: Yes — hands, digestion, bladder, and heart function can be affected depending on the type of neuropathy.
Q: Is diabetic neuropathy reversible?
A: Existing nerve damage is usually permanent, but symptoms can be managed and progression slowed with tight glucose control and treatment.
Q: How is diabetic neuropathy diagnosed?
A: History and exam, monofilament/light touch tests, reflex checks, and sometimes nerve conduction studies.
Q: What’s the difference between peripheral and autonomic neuropathy?
A: Peripheral affects limbs (especially feet) causing pain/numbness; autonomic affects internal organs (e.g., digestion, bladder, heart rate).
Q: Who is most at risk of diabetic neuropathy?
A: People with long-standing or poorly controlled diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure/cholesterol, and those who smoke.
Q: Can diabetic neuropathy cause foot ulcers?
A: Yes — reduced sensation means injuries may go unnoticed, leading to sores that can get infected if untreated.
Q: How can I prevent foot ulcers if I have neuropathy?
A: Daily foot checks, wash/dry carefully (especially between toes), moisturise heels/soles, wear protective shoes/socks, and treat cuts or blisters immediately.
Q: What treatments help diabetic neuropathy pain?
A: Medicines such as duloxetine, pregabalin, or gabapentin; topical options like capsaicin or lidocaine; and physical therapy.
Q: Do special shoes help with diabetic neuropathy?
A: Yes — cushioned, seamless, protective shoes and insoles reduce pressure spots and lower injury risk for numb or sensitive feet.
Q: Can exercise help with diabetic neuropathy?
A: Yes — regular low‑impact activity improves circulation and glucose control. Check feet before and after exercise and build up gradually.
Q: Is there a cure for diabetic neuropathy?
A: No cure, but good glucose control, lifestyle changes, and symptom management can keep it in check.
Q: How quickly does diabetic neuropathy progress?
A: It varies. Poor control accelerates damage; tight control can slow or stabilise it.
Q: How often should I have my feet checked?
A: At least yearly by a clinician, and daily self‑checks at home for redness, swelling, cuts, blisters, or colour changes.
Q: Can diabetic neuropathy lead to amputation?
A: Severe, untreated infections or ulcers can lead to amputation, but early detection and care greatly reduce this risk.
Q: Are there supplements that help with diabetic neuropathy?
A: Some people try alpha‑lipoic acid, B vitamins, or acetyl‑L‑carnitine; evidence is mixed. Always consult your clinician first.
Q: What’s the best way to prevent diabetic neuropathy?
A: Keep blood sugar in target, exercise, eat well, manage blood pressure/cholesterol, and avoid smoking/excess alcohol.
Q: Can diabetic neuropathy affect balance?
A: Yes — numbness and weakness reduce position sense, increasing fall risk. Balance exercises and supportive footwear help.
Summary
- Diabetic neuropathy damages nerves, often starting in the feet.
- Glucose control and daily foot care are the foundations of management.
- Protective footwear and prompt treatment of sores prevent complications.
- Pain can be managed with medication, topical therapy, and physio.
Need more information? Read our Diabetic Neuropathy in depth guide